What do catecholamines promote?

What do catecholamines promote?

Catecholamines enhance influx of sodium and calcium, which increases the risk of arrhythmogenic effects via increased amplitude of after-potential and nonuniform repolarization of the myocardium.

What do catecholamines do in the brain?

Catecholamines, including dopamine and norepinephrine, are the principal neurotransmitters that mediate a variety of the central nervous system functions, such as motor control, cognition, emotion, memory processing, and endocrine modulation.

What is catecholamine toxicity?

Extremely high levels of catecholamines (also known as catecholamine toxicity) can occur in central nervous system trauma due to stimulation or damage of nuclei in the brainstem, in particular, those nuclei affecting the sympathetic nervous system.

What are the effects of the catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine?

During the “fight-or-flight response,” the rise in circulating epinephrine and norepinephrine from the adrenal medulla and norepinephrine secreted from sympathetic nerve terminals cause increased blood pressure and cardiac output, relaxation of bronchial, intestinal and many other smooth muscles, mydriasis, and …

Are catecholamines neurotransmitters or hormones?

catecholamine, any of various naturally occurring amines that function as neurotransmitters and hormones within the body. Catecholamines are characterized by a catechol group (a benzene ring with two hydroxyl groups) to which is attached an amine (nitrogen-containing) group.

What is a catecholamine surge?

In response to physical (e.g., cardiac failure and stroke) or emotional stressors, the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis become hyperactive and give rise to catecholamine surges and cardiac injury (1–3).

What impact do catecholamines have on kidney system regulation?

The results suggest that circulating catecholamines or adrenergic nerves innervating the kidney directly influence renal tubular function and might, therefore, participate in the regulation of sodium and water excretion by the kidneys.