What is the difference between enteral and parenteral feeding?

What is the difference between enteral and parenteral feeding?

“The goal of enteral nutrition is to use the gastrointestinal [GI] tract if and whenever possible. Parenteral nutrition therapy uses intravenous feedings when the GI tract is not usable—for example, short term after GI surgery such as a bowel resection with prolonged recovery or complications.”

What is the difference between enteral and parenteral routes?

Enteral nutrition is administered through a feeding tube placed into the stomach or intestines. Parenteral nutrition is administered through a traditional intravenous (IV) line or via a central IV surgically placed during an outpatient procedure.

What is the advantage of enteral feeding over parenteral feeding?

Enteral nutrition is associated with fewer septic and metabolic complications compared to parenteral nutrition. Enteral nutrition is not only more physiologic, but feeding enterally prevents villous atrophy and promotes the local immune function of the gut.

What are the different types of enteral feeding routes?

Several types of tubes are used for enteral feeding:

  • Nasogastric tubes.
  • Nasojejunal tube (NJT)
  • Jejunostomy tubes (JEJ, PEJ or RIJ tubes)
  • Radiologically inserted gastrostomy tube (RIG)
  • Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tubes (PEG tube)

Is gastrostomy enteral or parenteral?

Overview

Enteral access device Length of use
Orogastric tube (through the mouth) Short-term use
Nasoenteric tube (generally thought of as a tube beyond the stomach) Short-term use
Oroenteric tube (postpyloric feeding tube) Short-term use
Gastrostomy tube (can be placed radiologically, endoscopically or surgically) Long-term use

Is TPN enteral feeding?

Enteral solution is thicker than TPN. It may have the consistency of a milkshake. Total parenteral nutrition bypasses the digestive system entirely and goes directly into the bloodstream, where the nutrients are absorbed. The solution is given through a catheter that has been placed in a vein.

What do you mean by parenteral feeding?

Parenteral nutrition, or intravenous feeding, is a method of getting nutrition into your body through your veins. Depending on which vein is used, this procedure is often referred to as either total parenteral nutrition (TPN) or peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN).

What are the indications for enteral feeding?

Specific indications for enteral nutrition include the following:

  • Prolonged anorexia.
  • Severe protein-energy undernutrition.
  • Coma or depressed sensorium.
  • Liver failure.
  • Inability to take oral feedings due to head or neck trauma.
  • Critical illnesses (eg, burns) causing metabolic stress.

Who needs enteral feeding?

Enteral tube feeding is indicated in patients who cannot main adequate oral intake of food or nutrition to meet their metabolic demands. Healthcare professionals commonly use enteral feeding in patients with dysphagia.

What are the three types of enteral feeding?

Types of enteral feeding

  • Nasogastric tube (NGT) starts in the nose and ends in the stomach.
  • Orogastric tube (OGT) starts in the mouth and ends in the stomach.
  • Nasoenteric tube starts in the nose and ends in the intestines (subtypes include nasojejunal and nasoduodenal tubes).

What is enteral feeding formula?

The term “enteral feeding formulas” refers to the nutritional liquids that are put through enteral feeding tubes. Enteral feeding formulas need to support an entire diet, so they’re packed with all the vitamins, minerals, calories, and protein that people need to survive and thrive.

How is enteral feeding administered?

What is enteral feeding? Enteral feeding refers to intake of food via the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The GI tract is composed of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines. Enteral feeding may mean nutrition taken through the mouth or through a tube that goes directly to the stomach or small intestine.

¿Qué es la nutrición enteral y parenteral?

Nutrición enteral y parenteral. ¿Qué son y para qué sirven? Existen situaciones en las que la nutrición comiendo alimentos habituales por la boca no es suficiente para mantener un estado de salud adecuado ¿Qué es la nutrición? Es el proceso biológico a través del cual el organismo asimila los nutrientes y la energía necesarios para la vida.

¿Qué es una vía parenteral?

– Vía parenteral: se trata de aquella vía que introduce el fármaco en el organismo gracias a la ruptura de la barrera mediante un mecanismo que habitualmente es una aguja hueca en su interior llamada aguja de uso parenteral.

¿Qué son las vías enterales?

Las vías enterales que explicaremos a continuación son la oral, la sublingual y la rectal. Es la vía más utilizada. Es la más fisiológica además de ser barata y cómoda. Entre sus limitaciones destaca que no podemos usarla en inconscientes, pacientes con nauseas o con dificultades de deglución o si requerimos un efecto rápido.

¿Cuáles son las vías enterales para la administración de fármacos?

Las vías enterales para la administración de fármacos son aquellas que utilizan el aparato digestivo. Las vías enterales que explicaremos a continuación son la oral, la sublingual y la rectal.