Where does translation of RNA into protein occur?
Where does translation of RNA into protein occur?
the ribosome
Translation occurs in a structure called the ribosome, which is a factory for the synthesis of proteins. The ribosome has a small and a large subunit and is a complex molecule composed of several ribosomal RNA molecules and a number of proteins.
How is RNA translated into proteins?
The nucleotide sequence of a gene, through the medium of mRNA, is translated into the amino acid sequence of a protein by rules that are known as the genetic code. Each group of three consecutive nucleotides in RNA is called a codon, and each codon specifies either one amino acid or a stop to the translation process.
What is responsible for translating mRNA into proteins?
Within all cells, the translation machinery resides within a specialized organelle called the ribosome. In eukaryotes, mature mRNA molecules must leave the nucleus and travel to the cytoplasm, where the ribosomes are located.
What happens during translation RNA?
Translation is the process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule to a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis. The genetic code describes the relationship between the sequence of base pairs in a gene and the corresponding amino acid sequence that it encodes.
What happens during the translation phase of protein synthesis?
Translation occurs at the ribosome, which consists of rRNA and proteins. In translation, the instructions in mRNA are read, and tRNA brings the correct sequence of amino acids to the ribosome. Then, rRNA helps bonds form between the amino acids, producing a polypeptide chain.
What is the process from DNA to RNA to protein?
The process by which DNA is copied to RNA is called transcription, and that by which RNA is used to produce proteins is called translation.
What occurs during translation?
What happens during translation? During translation, a ribosome uses the sequence of codons in mRNA to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain. The correct amino acids are brought to the ribosome by tRNA. The decoding of an mRNA message into a protein is a process known carries out both these tasks.
What happens to RNA after translation?
Messenger RNA (mRNA) mediates the transfer of genetic information from the cell nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis. Once mRNAs enter the cytoplasm, they are translated, stored for later translation, or degraded. All mRNAs are ultimately degraded at a defined rate.
How does RNA synthesis affect translation process?
Three types of RNA are involved in the translation process: mRNA which carries the genetic code, rRNA which aids in the formation of the ribosome, and tRNA which brings individual amino-acids to the ribosome. Translation is controlled by various enzymes that recognize specific nucleotide sequences.
How does translation work in protein synthesis?
Protein synthesis is accomplished through a process called translation. After DNA is transcribed into a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule during transcription, the mRNA must be translated to produce a protein. In translation, mRNA along with transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomes work together to produce proteins.
What is RNA to protein called?
What is the process of translation from RNA to protein?
Translation: Messenger RNA Translated Into Protein. Translation is the process that takes the information passed from DNA as messenger RNA and turns it into a series of amino acids bound together with peptide bonds. It is essentially a translation from one code (nucleotide sequence) to another code (amino acid sequence).
How do mRNA and tRNA interact during translation?
mRNAs and tRNAs are transcribed separately from different genes (and in eukaryotes this is even done by different RNA polymerases). These two molecules do interact during during translation — aminoacyl-tRNAs (that is tRNA bound to the appropriate amino acid) bind to codons on an mRNA that is loaded onto a ribosome.
What is the process by which mRNA codes for a protein?
The process by which the mRNA codes for a particular protein is known as Translation. In the process, the ribosome translates the mRNA produced from DNA into a chain of specific amino acids.
What is the result of mRNA transcription called?
The resulting mRNA is a single-stranded copy of the gene, which next must be translated into a protein molecule. Figure 1: A gene is expressed through the processes of transcription and translation. During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase (green) uses DNA as a template to produce a pre-mRNA transcript (pink).