What does TCF1 do?

What does TCF1 do?

TCF1 Regulates CD8 T Cell Function at Both Early and Advanced Stages. Chronic viral infection is a dynamic process balancing the metastable equilibrium between CD8 T cells and pathogens (3).

What is T cell exhaustion?

Abstract. T cell exhaustion is a state of T cell dysfunction that arises during many chronic infections and cancer. It is defined by poor effector function, sustained expression of inhibitory receptors and a transcriptional state distinct from that of functional effector or memory T cells.

Is CCR7 on T cells?

In humans, CCR7 has been described as a defining factor for two different types of memory T cells, termed central and effector memory T cells (7). Central memory cells express CCR7 and represent a nonpolarized Ag-experienced cell population that lacks immediate effector cell functions.

What is CD127?

CD127 is found on normal B cell precursors but not on mature B lymphocytes. It is also expressed by thymocytes, the majority of peripheral T lymphocytes, a subset of monocytes and a subset of CD34+ cells. CD127 is a useful marker for identifying memory and effector T cells.

What produces ctla4?

CTLA-4 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is expressed by activated T cells and transmits an inhibitory signal to T cells.

What are B cells?

A type of white blood cell that makes antibodies. B cells are part of the immune system and develop from stem cells in the bone marrow. A blood stem cell goes through several steps to become a red blood cell, platelet, or white blood cell.

What is the function of CCR7?

CCR7 was described initially as a potent leukocyte chemotactic receptor that was later shown to be responsible of directing the migration of dendritic cells (DCs) to the lymph nodes where these cells play an important role in the initiation of the immune response.

What cells express CCR7?

CCR7, an orphan receptor formerly known as EBI1 (EBV-induced gene 1),1 is the chemokine receptor for CCL19/ELC/MIP-3 beta and CCL21/SLC/6Ckine. It is expressed on T cells and dendritic cells (DC), consistent with the chemotactic action of CCL19 and CCL21 for both lymphocytes and mature DC.

Do T cells express CD127?

We identified IL-7 receptor (CD127) surface expression as a marker for long-living memory T cells, most importantly allowing the distinction between memory and effector T cells early after in vivo priming.

What are CD45RA cells?

CD45RA T cells have “naive” characteristics of unresponsiveness to recall antigens and prominence in cord blood, while CD45RO T cells are considered “memory” T cells because they proliferate to recall antigens and increase following PHA activation of cord blood.

What is the function of CTLA-4?

A protein found on T cells (a type of immune cell) that helps keep the body’s immune responses in check. When CTLA-4 is bound to another protein called B7, it helps keep T cells from killing other cells, including cancer cells.

What is the function of CD28?

CD28 has been widely recognized as the major costimulation pathway for naive T-cell activation, and the CD28/B7 pathway plays a central role in immune responses against pathogens, autoimmune diseases, and graft rejection.

What is the function of TCF1 in T cells?

In the helper T cell lineages, TCF1 is indispensable for the differentiation of T follicular helper and T follicular regulatory cells, and crucially regulates immunosuppressive functions of regulatory T cells.

What is the molecular weight of TCF1?

TCF1 is a 384 amino acid protein with a predicted molecular weight of 42 kD. TCF1 is a transcription factor, involved in the canonical Wingless/Integration 1 (Wnt) signaling pathway. TCF1 is essential for survival of CD4 + /CD8 + double positive thymocytes and differentiation of T cells in the periphery.

How does tctcf1 activate gene transcription?

TCF1 along with β-catenin activates gene transcription and in cooperation with Groucho family of proteins mediates gene repression. It has been established that the β-catenin-dependent gene expression is often downstream of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway.

Is TCF1 a stem cell precursor?

Tcf1 also marks a downstream population of stem-like precursors CD8+T cells characterized by high self-renewal capacity, proliferative potential, and polyfunctionality. These cells can sustain the entire CD8+T cell output and are mostly quiescent in vivoalthough retaining high proliferative potential.